REVERS OSMOSIS SYSTEM
If between two solutions of different concentrations be a semi-permeable membrane, amount of solvent transferred from one side of the membrane to the other side. natural to move to a more concentrated solution is diluted .then the pure water passes through the membrane. if the system is allowed to reach equilibrium , in this case,the brine level will be above the water level. These differences emerged on both sides of the membrane is called osmotic pressure.
In reverse osmosis , water is pumped into a chamber with a semi-permeable membrane driven. Because impurities can not pass through the membrane ,so on the one hand the water is almost pure and on the other side there will be condensed water from impurities. this process for producing drinking water from waters containing mineral salts and organic impurities are much more suitable. Would be even higher TDS waters such as sea water also provide drinking water. Revese osmosis to separate the dissolved inorganic material, organic matter is resolved and even viruses and bacteria. Reverse osmosis are used in food, fruit juice production, pharmaceuticals, car wash, etc. Curtain is a heart of a device is called the membrane. The membrane must be strong enough to withstand whatever pressure is applied against it. membranes are made in a variety of configurations, with the two most common configurations being spiral-wound and hollow-fiber. Because of the important measures for membrane pre-treatment should be applied to increase membrane life. Pretreatment including sand filter, active carbon filter and softener. Reverse osmosis water purification systems are designed and used for both domestic and industrial use.
1- Domestic RO Systems
Home awter filtration system installed under the kitchen sink and connect to city's water distribution network.
Harmful salts and impurities are removed from municipal water, using a separate outlet valve clean water at all times will be provided to the consumer.
2- Industrial RO Systems
Usually these devices over a volume of 6 m3/day is considered and filtration efficiency is about 98%.Thus,the output
water is almost devoid of salts. The appropriate system selection depending on many factors, including TDS of water,
the water flow rate, product price ,…
RO system is composed of the following sections:
1-2) Establishment chassis
2-2) High pressure Pump
3-2) Pressur vessel and Membrane
4-2) Meassurement equipment and instrumentation
Usually Membrane as industrial scale in size 4 and 8 inches is available.
The pretreatment systems are used to increase the membrane life and quality of product. The pretreatment systems such as softeners, silica and active carbon filters.